DEPARTMENT OF CONSUMER AND INDUSTRY SERVICES

                         RADIATION SAFETY SECTION

(By authority conferred on   the   department    of    public    health    by 
section 13521 of Act No. 368 of the Public Acts of 1978, as   amended,    and 
section 48 of  Act  No. 306  of  the  Public  Acts  of  1969,   as   amended, 
being SS333.13521 and 24.248 of the Michigan Compiled Laws) 


           PART 11.  PARTICLE ACCELERATOR INSTALLATIONS


R 325.5431. Purpose and scope.
  Rule 431. (1)  This  part  establishes  procedures  for  the  licensing  or 
registration of particle accelerators, a classification system  for  particle 
accelerator installations and use,  and  radiation  safety  requirements  for 
persons  utilizing  all  types  of   particle   accelerators   except   those 
specifically exempted from this part.
  (2) This part applies to all licensees and  registrants  who  use  particle 
accelerators for any purpose other than those exempted under rule 432.
  (3) In addition to  the  requirements  of  this  part,  all  licensees  and 
registrants are subject to the applicable provisions of the other parts.

   History:  1979 AC.


R 325.5432. Definitions.
  Rule 432. (1) "Particle accelerator" or  "accelerator",  as  used  in  this 
part, means a radiation machine  designed  for  or  capable  of  accelerating 
electrically charged particles, such as electrons, protons or deuterons, with 
an electrical potential in excess of 1 MeV.  Radiation machines designed  and 
used exclusively for the production of electron beams or x- radiation for any 
of the following purposes  except  those  capable  of  producing  radioactive 
material in excess of exempt quantities listed in schedule B of rule 147  are 
excluded from this definition:
  (a) The diagnosis or treatment of patients.
  (b) Industrial radiography.
  (c) Examination of the microscopic structure of materials.
  (d) Manufacturing process control.
  (e) Research and development.
  (f) Demonstration of scientific principles for educational purposes.
  (2) "Radiation protection supervisor" means 1 specific individual appointed 
by the licensee or registrant who has been delegated the  responsibility  and 
authority to govern the operation of the accelerator in such a manner  as  to 
comply with the provisions of this part and part 5 and to enforce any written 
procedures approved by the department.

  [Note: The requirements of this rule  that  pertain  to  radiation  machine 
registration, licensing, or compliance are under the purview of the  Michigan 
Department of Consumer & Industry Services.]

   History:  1979 AC.


                         LICENSE OR REGISTRATION


R 325.5435. General provisions.
  Rule 435. (1) Except as otherwise provided in these rules, a  person  shall 
not manufacture, produce, own, receive,  acquire,  possess,  use,  transport, 
transfer or dispose  of  a  research,  production,  processing  or  treatment 
particle accelerator capable of producing radioactive material in  excess  of 
exempt quantities listed in schedule B of rule 147  unless  authorized  in  a 
specific license issued pursuant to part 2.
  (2) Each person having a particle accelerator subject to  this  part  shall 
comply with the registration requirements  of  part  4  unless  the  particle 
accelerator is licensed by a specific license issued pursuant to part 2.

  [Note: The requirements of this rule  that  pertain  to  radiation  machine 
registration, licensing, or compliance are under the purview of the  Michigan 
Department of Consumer & Industry Services.]

   History:  1979 AC.



                                   CLASSIFICATION

R 325.5437. Class enumeration.
Rule 437. (1) For the purpose  of  licensing  or  registering  and  approving 
particle accelerator installations they shall  be  classified  as  class  AA, 
class A, class B, or class C.
  (2) For the purpose of licensing or registering  and  approving  mobile  or 
portable particle accelerators intended for limited use at temporary job site 
locations this use shall be classified as class D operation.

   History:  1979 AC.


R 325.5438. Class AA installations.
  Rule 438. (1) In class AA installations the accelerator and objects exposed 
thereto shall be contained within a permanent enclosure.
  (2) The enclosure shall be constructed such  that  the  radiation  exposure 
dose equivalent rate as measured in air at a distance of 5  centimeters  from 
any accessible point on the external surface shall not exceed 2 millirems per 
hour under conditions of maximum radiation output permitted by the design  or 
operating characteristics of the accelerator.
  (3) Mechanical or electrical limiters shall limit movement or alignment  of 
the accelerated beam within the enclosure if necessary to comply with subrule 
(2).
  (4) A personnel barrier posted in accord with rules 224 to 231  restricting 
access to the roof of the enclosure shall meet the requirement of subrule (2).
  (5) Reliable interlocks shall be provided which will  prevent  anyone  from 
opening the enclosure while the accelerator is in  operation  or  which  will 
terminate  machine  operation  should  anyone  open  the  enclosure.    These 
interlocks shall comply with rule 448.
  (6) Enclosures of sufficient  size  to  permit  human  occupancy  shall  be 
provided with visible or audible signals or both within the  enclosure  which 
are activated a minimum of 5 seconds before accelerator  operation.   Persons 
shall at all times be able to escape from within the enclosure.
  (7) An individual shall not be permitted to  remain  within  the  enclosure 
while the accelerator is in operation except as a  human  patient  undergoing 
radiation treatment.
  (8) Protective enclosures and equipment shall be kept in good repair.
  (9) Electron beam welders shall meet class AA requirements.
  (10) Class AA approval permits unlimited use at maximum capacity.

   History:  1979 AC.


R 325.5439. Class A installations.
  Rule 439. (1) Class A installations shall comply with all  requirements  of 
rule 438 except  for  a  permissible  exposure  dose  equivalent  rate  of  7 
millirems per hour at any accessible external point.
  (2) A personnel monitoring device,  such  as  a  film  badge  dosimeter  or 
thermoluminescent  dosimeter,  shall  be   permanently   assigned   to   each 
occupationally exposed  individual.   This  monitoring  shall  be  continuous 
during employment as a radiation worker.
  (3)Personnel exposure records shall be kept on permanent available file  at 
the facility where the exposure occurs.
  (4) Class A approval permits unlimited use at maximum capacity.

   History:  1979 AC.


R 325.5440. Class B installations.
  Rule 440. (1) Class B installations shall comply with all  requirements  of 
rule 439.
  (2) Accelerator beam current and potential controls shall  be  mechanically 
or electrically limited so as not to exceed the normal  operating  conditions 
as specified by the applicant at the time of application for specific license 
or registration.
  (3)  Class  B  approval  permits  unlimited  use  under  normal   operating 
conditions as specified by subrule (2).

   History:  1979 AC.


R 325.5441. Class C installations.
  Rule 441. (1) Class C installations shall comply with all  requirements  of 
rule 439 except for  a  permissible  exposure  dose  equivalent  rate  of  50 
millirems per hour at any accessible external point.
  (2) The maximum weekly accelerator beam on time shall be established by the 
department under the conditions specified by the registrant at  the  time  of 
application for specific license or registration.
  (3) Warning signs shall be posted in those areas outside the  enclosure  in 
which the radiation exposure dose equivalent rate in air  at  any  accessible 
external point exceeds 2 millirems  per  hour  under  conditions  of  maximum 
radiation output permitted by the design or limited operating characteristics 
of the accelerator.
  (4) A daily usage log shall be maintained to record machine operation.
The record shall be available at the accelerator site for examination by  the 
department.

   History:  1979 AC.


R 325.5442. Class D operations.
  Rule 442. (1) Particle accelerator operations  conducted  under  conditions 
not meeting the provisions and requirements of rules  438  to  441  shall  be 
classified as class D operations and shall not be  operated  longer  than  30 
days unless written authorization is granted by the department.
  (2) Written authorization in the form of a specific license or registration 
condition may be granted by the department for class D operations longer than 
30 days but not longer than 6 months at any 1  location  when  an  undue  and 
unnecessary hardship may result from the 30 day limitation.  Written  request 
by the applicant for this authorization is required and  shall  describe  the 
hardship involved as well as provide written assurance of compliance with the 
requirements of these rules for class D operation.  This assurance  shall  be 
in the form of satisfactory written procedures which shall be approved by the 
department before the issuance  of  a  specific  license  or  certificate  of 
registration.

   History:  1979 AC.


                  SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR THE USE

                      OF PARTICLE ACCELERATORS


R 325.5445. General provisions.
  Rule 445. (1) Rules 445 to 455 establish radiation safety requirements  for 
the use of particle accelerators.   The  provisions  of  such  rules  are  in 
addition to, and not in substitution  for,  other  applicable  provisions  of 
these rules.
  (2) A licensee or registrant shall be responsible  for  assuring  that  all 
requirements of this part are met.

   History:  1979 AC.


R 325.5446. Limitations.
  Rule 446. (1) A licensee or registrant shall not permit  an  individual  to 
act as an accelerator operator until the individual:
  (a) Has been  instructed  in  radiation  safety  and  has  demonstrated  an 
understanding thereof.
  (b) Has received copies of and instruction in this part and the  applicable 
requirements of part 5, pertinent license or registration conditions, and the 
licensee's or  registrant's  operating  and  emergency  procedures,  and  has 
demonstrated understanding thereof.
  (c) Has demonstrated competence to use the  particle  accelerator,  related 
equipment, and survey instruments which will be employed in his assignment.
  (2) The radiation safety committee or the radiation  protection  supervisor 
shall have the authority  to  terminate  the  operations  at  an  accelerator 
facility or of a class D operation if this  action  is  deemed  necessary  to 
protect health and minimize danger to public health and safety or property.

   History:  1979 AC.


R 325.5447. Shielding.
  Rule 447. (1) The design and shielding specifications  for  an  accelerator 
shall be  submitted  and  approved  before  issuance  of  a  license  by  the 
department.  After construction and installation the radiation safety of  the 
installation shall be established by a protection survey conducted in  accord 
with rule 221.  A written report of the initial survey shall be submitted  to 
the department and approved in writing  before  continued  operation  of  the 
accelerator.
  (2) Each accelerator installation shall be provided with  such  primary  or 
secondary barriers as are necessary to assure compliance with rules 203,  205 
and 211.

   History:  1979 AC.


R 325.5448. Accelerator controls and interlock systems.
  Rule 448. (1) Instrumentation, readouts and  controls  on  the  accelerator 
control console shall be clearly identified and easily discernible.
  (2) All entrances or openings into a target room or  other  high  radiation 
areas shall be provided with interlocks.
  (3) When an interlock system has been tripped, it shall only be possible to 
resume operation of the accelerator by manually  resetting  controls  at  the 
position where the interlock has been tripped, and lastly at the main control 
console.
  (4) A safety interlock  shall  be  on  a  circuit  which  shall  allow  its 
operation independently of all other safety interlocks.
  (5) A safety interlock shall be fail  safe,  i.e.,  designed  so  that  any 
defect or component failure in the interlock system prevents operation of the 
accelerator.
  (6) A scram button or other emergency power cutoff switch shall be  located 
and easily identifiable in all high  radiation  areas.   This  cutoff  switch 
shall include a manual reset so that the accelerator cannot be restarted from 
the accelerator control console without resetting the cutoff switch.

   History:  1979 AC.


R 325.5449. Warning devices.
  Rule 449. (1) Locations designated as high radiation areas,  and  entrances 
to these locations shall be equipped with easily  observable  warning  lights 
that operate when, and only when, radiation is being produced.
  (2)  Except  in  installations  designed  for  human  exposure,  each  high 
radiation area shall have an audible warning device which shall be  activated 
for 15 seconds before the possible creation of a high radiation  area.   This 
warning device shall be clearly discernible in all high radiation  areas  and 
all radiation areas.
  (3)  Barriers,  temporary  or  otherwise,  and  pathways  leading  to  high 
radiation areas shall be identified in accordance with rules 224 to 233.

   History:  1979 AC.


R 325.5450. Equipment control and operations.
  Rule 450. (1) A particle accelerator shall not be left  unattended  without 
locking the control panel in some  manner  which  will  prevent  its  use  by 
unauthorized persons.
  (2) A building housing a fixed  particle  accelerator  shall  not  be  left 
unattended without locking the building or portions thereof  in  some  manner 
which will prevent unauthorized entry into the control room or  target  room, 
or any access to areas which may contain induced radioactivity resulting from 
accelerator operation.
  (3) A mobile or portable particle accelerator shall not be left  unattended 
without locking the room or building in which it is  housed  in  some  manner 
which will prevent its removal by unauthorized persons.
  (4) Access to or possession of keys or combinations used to comply with the 
requirements of subrules (1) to (3) shall be limited to  specific  authorized 
persons approved by the radiation protection supervisor.
  (5) Only a switch on the accelerator control  console  shall  be  routinely 
used to turn the accelerator beam on and off.  The  safety  interlock  system 
shall not be used to turn off the accelerator beam except in an emergency  or 
during periodic testing of the interlock system.
  (6) All safety and warning devices, including interlocks, shall be  checked 
for proper operability at intervals not to exceed 3 months.  Results of these 
tests shall be maintained for inspection by the department at the accelerator 
installation.
  (7) Electrical circuit diagrams of  the  accelerator,  and  the  associated 
interlock systems, shall be kept current and  on  file  at  each  accelerator 
installation.
  (8) If for any reason, it is necessary to  intentionally  bypass  a  safety 
interlock or interlocks, such action shall be:
  (a) Authorized by the radiation protection supervisor pursuant to rule 241.
  (b) Recorded in a permanent log and a  notice  posted  at  the  accelerator 
control console.
  (c) Terminated as soon as possible.
  (9) A  copy  of  the  operating  and  the  emergency  procedures  shall  be 
maintained at the accelerator control panel.

   History:  1979 AC.


R 325.5452. Radiation surveys.
  Rule 452. (1) A license or registrant shall maintain  at  each  accelerator 
installation  or  class  D  operation  appropriate  calibrated  and  operable 
portable radiation monitoring instruments to make physical radiation  surveys 
as required by this part and part 5.
  (2) These instruments shall be capable by design, calibration and operation 
of measuring the intensity of the various types  and  energies  of  radiation 
produced by the accelerator.  These instruments shall be  tested  for  proper 
operation at the beginning of each day they are to be used and calibrated  at 
intervals not to exceed 3 months.
  (3) During repair or calibration of a radiation  monitoring  instrument,  a 
spare calibrated and operable instrument shall  be  provided  or  accelerator 
operations which require the instrument shall be  terminated  until  required 
instrumentation is available.
  (4) A radiation protection survey shall  be  performed  and  documented  in 
accord with rule 221 when changes have been  made  in  shielding,  operation, 
equipment or occupancy of adjacent  areas,  and  periodically  to  check  for 
unknown changes and malfunctioning equipment.
  (5) Radiation levels in  all  accessible  high  radiation  areas  shall  be 
continuously monitored except in installations designed for human exposure.
The monitoring devices shall be independent and capable of providing a remote 
and local readout with visual or audible alarms or both at the control  panel 
and at the monitoring stations.
  (6) All area monitors shall be calibrated at established periodic intervals 
approved by the department.
  (7) Whenever applicable, periodic surveys shall be made  to  determine  the 
amount of airborne radioactivity present in areas of airborne hazards.
  (8) Whenever applicable, periodic smear surveys shall be made to  determine 
the degree of contamination in target and other pertinent areas.
  (9) All  area  surveys  shall  be  made  in  accordance  with  the  written 
procedures established by  a  health  physics  consultant  or  the  radiation 
protection supervisor  of  the  accelerator  facility  and  approved  by  the 
department.
  (10) Records of all  radiation  protection  surveys,  calibration  results, 
instrumentation tests and smear results shall be kept current and on file  at 
each accelerator facility.

  [Note: The requirements of this rule  that  pertain  to  radiation  machine 
registration, licensing, or compliance are under the purview of the  Michigan 
Department of Consumer & Industry Services.]

   History:  1979 AC.


R 325.5455. Special precautions.
  Rule 455. A licensee or registrant shall not permit dismantling, repair  or 
servicing of any portion of the accelerator or changing of  target  materials 
by any persons unless such persons have been approved for  such  activity  by 
the radiation protection supervisor.   The  radiation  protection  supervisor 
shall determine that such persons are:
  (a) Qualified by training or experience to conduct such  activities  safely 
with respect to potential radiation hazards.
  (b) Knowledgeable regarding the potential hazards of induced radioactivity.
  (c) Provided with appropriate monitoring instruments and dosimeters.
  (d) Informed of any special procedures or precautions necessary to  protect 
themselves and others from radiation exposure or spread of contamination.

   History:  1979 AC.

 
 PART 13.  MISCELLANEOUS SOURCES


R 325.5481. Purpose and scope.
  Rule 481. (1) This  part  establishes  radiation  safety  requirements  for 
miscellaneous radiation sources and for persons utilizing  such  sources  not 
exempted under rules 31 to 33 and not specifically covered elsewhere by these 
rules.
  (2) This part applies to all persons  who  use  sources  of  radiation  not 
specifically covered by the other parts.
  (3) In addition to the requirements of this part all persons and activities 
covered by this part are subject to the applicable provisions of parts 1,  2, 
4 and 5.

   History:  1979 AC.


                          ANALYTICAL X-RAY SOURCES


R 325.5482. X-ray equipment.
  Rule 482. (1) Tube housing leakage from analytical x-ray sources shall  not 
exceed 0.5 milliroentgen per hour at a 5 centimeter distance from the surface 
of the tube housing with the beam ports blocked and the tube operating at its 
leakage technique factors.  Also, radiation originating from the high voltage 
power supplies shall not exceed this limit.
  (2) For instruments in which the primary x-ray beam is completely enclosed, 
the radiation shall be  less  than  2  mR  per  hour  at  a  distance  of  25 
centimeters from the cabinet surface.
  (3) For enclosed equipment, interlocks shall  be  provided  on  all  access 
panels which will terminate exposure and prevent operation while the panel is 
removed.
  (4) For open beam analytical x-ray equipment:
  (a) X-ray diffraction cameras shall have the appropriate ports arranged  so 
that the camera collimating system shall be in place before  the  x-ray  tube 
can be energized or the shutter can be opened.
  (b)  An  adapter  between  the  x-ray  tube  and  the  collimator  of   the 
diffractometer camera or other accessory shall provide the same protection as 
required by subrule (1).
  (c) Safety interlocks shall never  be  used  as  routine  cut-off  switches 
during normal operation.  They shall be operated as safety devices only,  and 
tested periodically.  When the interlock system does turn off the x-ray beam, 
it shall be necessary to reset the "on" switch at the control panel to resume 
operation.
  (d) Tube head ports which are not in use  shall  be  secured  in  a  closed 
position and interlocked to the x-ray generator or warning system.
  (e) The shutter indicator shall be conspicuously displayed to disclose  the 
"open" or "closed" position of the shutter.
  (f) The instrument shall  display  a  conspicuous  warning  label  such  as 
"CAUTION RADIATION - THIS EQUIPMENT PRODUCES X-RADIATION WHEN ENERGIZED."
  (g) A red warning light shall indicate "X-RAY ON"  when  the  equipment  is 
producing x-rays.  Other signal  lights  or  alarms  shall  operate  only  to 
indicate a malfunction which may produce a  radiation,  electrical  or  other 
hazard.

   History:  1979 AC.


R 325.5484. Administrative procedures.
  Rule 484. A radiation  protection  supervisor  shall  be  appointed  to  be 
responsible for radiation safety.  This individual shall not normally operate 
the x-ray equipment.  He or his designated representative shall:
  (a) Insure that operational and maintenance procedures are followed.
  (b) Provide instruction in safety practices  for  all  individuals  working 
with the x-ray  equipment,  and  those  working  in  the  immediate  area  or 
periodically review the safety instruction provided for such individuals.
  (c) Maintain a personnel monitoring system.
  (d) Review, approve and supervise modifications or replacement of parts for 
the x-ray apparatus.
  (e) Conduct such surveys and tests as necessary to certify compliance  with 
these rules, including any  specific  registration  conditions  and  maintain 
records thereof for examination by the department.

   History:  1979 AC.


R 325.5485. Operators.
  Rule 485. (1) An individual shall not be permitted to act as  the  operator 
of analytical x-ray equipment until he has  received  training  in  radiation 
safety and has been approved by the radiation protection  supervisor  or  his 
designated representative.  The operator shall also demonstrate competence in 
the use of the machine and radiation survey instruments.
  (2) The operator shall be responsible for  complying  with  all  procedures 
associated with the x-ray equipment.

   History:  1979 AC.


R 325.5486. Operating procedures.
  Rule 486. A set of operating procedures shall be posted on or  adjacent  to 
the machine, written in understandable, concise language.

   History:  1979 AC.


R 325.5487. Personnel monitoring.
  Rule 487. An operator of analytical x-ray equipment shall be provided  with 
finger or wrist radiation monitoring devices.  Any person coming  in  contact 
with equipment capable of exposing a major  portion  of  the  body  shall  be 
required to wear whole-body monitoring equipment at all times.
Personnel coming in contact with this equipment shall be warned of the nature 
and type of physiological effects that may be expected  when  overexposed  to 
radiation.

   History:  1979 AC.


                   COLD-CATHODE GAS DISCHARGE TUBES


R 325.5491. Rules applicable.
  Rule 491. Cold-cathode gas discharge  tubes  designed  to  demonstrate  the 
effects of a flow of electrons or the production of x-radiation  are  subject 
to the requirements of rules 492 to 495.

   History:  1979 AC.


R 325.5492. Exposure rate limit.
  Rule 492.  (1)  Radiation  exposure  rates  produced  by  cold-cathode  gas 
discharge tubes shall not exceed 10 mR/hr at a  distance  of  30  centimeters 
from any point on the external surface of the tube, as measured in accordance 
with rule 493.
  (2) The divergence of the  exit  beam  from  tubes  designed  primarily  to 
demonstrate the effects of x-radiation, with the beam blocking device in  the 
open position, shall not exceed ? (Pi) steradians.

   History:  1979 AC.

R 325.5493. Measurements.
  Rule 493. (1) Compliance with the exposure rate limit specified in rule 492 
(1) shall be determined by measurements averaged over an area of  100  square 
centimeters with no linear dimension exceeding 20 centimeters.
  (2) Measurements of exposure rates from tubes in enclosures from which  the 
tubes cannot be removed without destroying the function of the  tube  may  be 
made at a distance of 30 centimeters from any point on the  external  surface 
of the enclosure under the following conditions:
  (a) In the case  of  enclosures  containing  tubes  designed  primarily  to 
demonstrate the production of x-radiation, measurements shall  be  made  with 
any beam blocking device in the beam blocking position.
  (b) In the case  of  enclosures  containing  tubes  designed  primarily  to 
demonstrate the effects of a flow of electrons, measurements  shall  be  made 
with all movable or removable parts of such enclosure in the  position  which 
would maximize external exposure levels.

   History:  1979 AC.


R 325.5494. Test conditions.
  Rule 494. (1) Measurements shall  be  made  under  the  conditions  of  use 
specified in instructions provided by the manufacturer.
  (2) Measurements shall be made with the tube  operated  under  forward  and 
reverse polarity.

   History:  1979 AC.


R 325.5495. Instructions, labels and warnings.
  Rule 495. (1) Manufacturers shall provide, or cause to  be  provided,  with 
each tube to which rules  492  to  495  are  applicable,  appropriate  safety 
instructions, and instructions  for  the  use  of  the  tube,  including  the 
specification of a power source for use with the tube.
  (2) Each enclosure or tube shall have inscribed on or  permanently  affixed 
to it, tags or labels, which identify the intended polarity of the  terminals 
and;
  (a) in the case of tubes designed primarily to demonstrate the heat effect, 
fluorescence effect or magnetic effect, a warning that application  of  power 
in excess of that specified may result in the production of x-rays in  excess 
of allowable limits; and
  (b) in the case of tubes designed primarily to demonstrate  the  production 
of x-radiation, a warning that this device produces x-rays when energized.
  (3) The tag or label required by subrule (2) shall be located on  the  tube 
or enclosure so as to be readily visible and  legible  when  the  product  is 
fully assembled for use.

   History:  1979 AC.


                    X-RAY FILM IDENTIFICATION MARKERS


R 325.5501. General provisions.
  Rule 501. (1) All devices utilizing sources of radiation for the purpose of 
marking x-ray film for  identification  purposes  shall  be  subject  to  the 
requirements of this rule.
  (2) The radiation source and all objects exposed thereto shall be within  a 
permanent enclosure.
  (3) Reliable  interlocks  shall  be  provided  to  prevent  access  to  the 
enclosure during irradiation.
  (4) The radiation exposure at any accessible position  5  centimeters  from 
the outside surface of the enclosure shall not exceed 0.5 mR in any 1 hour.
  (5) A person in the environs of the installation shall not be exposed  more 
than the maximum permissible dose equivalent specified in rule 205.
  (6) Before a new installation is placed in operation a radiation protection 
survey shall be conducted in accordance with rule 221.  A written  report  of 
this initial survey shall be submitted to the department and approved  before 
a certificate of registration for the devices is issued.
  (7) A record of the survey required by subrule (6) shall be  maintained  at 
the installation for examination by the department.

   History:  1979 AC.


                           ELECTRON MICROSCOPES


R 325.5505. Equipment.
  Rule 505. (1) During any phase of operation of an  electron  microscope  at 
the maximum rated continuous tube current for the  maximum  rated  peak  tube 
potential the radiation exposure rate as measured in air at a distance  of  5 
centimeters from  any  accessible  point  on  the  external  surface  of  the 
microscope shall not exceed 0.5 mR per hour.
  (2) Interlocks shall be provided on all potential radiation  hazard  access 
panels which will terminate exposure and prevent operation while the panel is 
removed.
  (3) The instrument shall  display  a  conspicuous  warning  label  such  as 
“CAUTION RADIATION — THIS EQUIPMENT PRODUCES X-RADIATION WHEN ENERGIZED.”

   History:  1979 AC.

R 325.5506. Administrative procedures.
  Rule 506. A radiation  protection  supervisor  shall  be  appointed  to  be 
responsible for radiation safety.  This individual shall not normally operate 
the electron microscope.  He or his designated representative shall:
  (a) Insure that operational and maintenance procedures are followed.
  (b) Provide instruction in safety practices for all  persons  working  with 
the electron microscope, and those working in the immediate area.
  (c) Maintain a personnel monitoring system if provided.
  (d) Review, approve, and supervise modifications or  replacement  of  parts 
for the electron microscope.
  (e) Conduct such surveys and tests as necessary to certify compliance  with 
these rules, including any  specific  registration  conditions  and  maintain 
records thereof for examination by the department.

   History:  1979 AC.


R 325.5507. Operators.
  Rule 507. (1) An individual shall not be permitted to act as operator of an 
electron microscope unless he has demonstrated to  the  satisfaction  of  the 
radiation protection supervisor or his designated representative:
  (a) Competence in the safe use of the instrument.
  (b) Awareness of the potential radiation hazard  which  could  result  from 
improper adjustment or misuse of the instrument.
  (2) The operator shall be responsible for  complying  with  all  procedures 
associated with the instrument.

   History:  1979 AC.


R 325.5508. Operating procedures.
  Rule 508. A set of operating procedures shall be posted on or  adjacent  to 
the electron microscope, written in understandable, concise language.
Appropriate precautions for the  safe  handling  of  uranyl  salts  or  other 
radioactive biological stains shall be included if such substances are used.

  [Note: The requirements of this rule  that  pertain  to  radiation  machine 
registration, licensing, or compliance are under the purview of the  Michigan 
Department of Consumer & Industry Services.]

   History:  1979 AC.



                        OTHER MISCELLANEOUS SOURCES


R 325.5511. License or registration conditions.
  Rule 511. Types of radiation sources and uses not specifically  covered  by 
these rules shall be subject  to  specific  requirements  designated  by  the 
department in  the  form  of  license  or  registration  conditions  for  the 
protection of public health, safety and property until such time  that  these 
rules are amended to specifically cover such sources and uses.

   History:  1979 AC.