DEPARTMENT OF STATE POLICE

                        FORENSIC SCIENCE DIVISION

   ALCOHOL AND DRUG TESTING OF BIOLOGICAL AND NONBIOLOGICAL SPECIMENS

(By authority conferred on the department of state police by section  190  of 
1945 PA 327, MCL 259.190, section 625a of 1949 PA 300, MCL 257.625a)


R  325.2671   "Control sample" defined.
  Rule 1. "Control sample" means a sample of known concentration   that    is 
used to verify the calibration and accuracy of a given analytical method.

  History:  1993 AACS; 2005 AACS.


R 325.2672   Tests; application; expression of results; filing.
  Rule 2. (1) Tests to determine the presence or  concentration,   or   both, 
of alcohol or other drugs, or both, may be applied to  blood,    urine,    or 
other biological samples.  Results  of  blood  alcohol  analysis   shall   be 
expressed  in percent weight  of  ethyl  alcohol  (weight  per  unit  volume) 
equivalent to  grams per 100 milliliters. Results of urine  alcohol  analysis 
shall be expressed  as weight per unit volume of ethyl alcohol, equivalent to 
either grams  per  100 milliliters, or grams per  67   milliliters.     Where 
applicable,  results  of analysis for  drugs  or  other  volatiles  shall  be 
expressed as weight  per  unit volume.
  (2)  Serum  or  plasma  alcohol  concentrations  shall  be   expressed   as 
an equivalent whole blood alcohol concentration.
  (3) Tests to determine  the  concentration  of  alcohol  may   be   applied 
to nonbiological samples.  Results shall be expressed in  percent  volume  of 
ethyl alcohol (volume per unit volume).
  (4) At least 1 copy of the written method or methods or  techniques    that 
are utilized in the laboratory shall be on file in that laboratory.

  History:  1993 AACS; 2005 AACS.


R 325.2673   Acceptable techniques.
  Rule 3. The following are examples of acceptable  techniques,    analyzers, 
and kits for determining the presence or concentration, or both, of   alcohol 
and other drugs in blood, urine, or other various matrices or media:
  (a) Direct distillation/dichromate oxidation methods as follows:
  (i) "Dubowski and Withrow," proc. Am. acad for sci, 2:323, 1952.
  (ii) "Shupe and Dubowski," Am J clin path., 22:901, 1952.
  (b)  Gas  chromatograph  method  using  a  gas   chromatograph   that   has 
satisfactory accuracy, precision, sensitivity,  and  a  suitable  column  for 
direct  injection or head-space gas  chromatography  for  ethyl  alcohol  and 
other volatiles.
  (c)  Gas  chromatography/mass  spectrometry   method    using     a     gas 
chromatograph  and   mass    spectrometer     that     have      satisfactory 
accuracy,   precision,  sensitivity,  and  a  suitable  column   for   direct 
injection  or  head-space  gas chromatography for identification of drugs  or 
compounds other than ethanol.
  (d)  Spectrophotometric methods as follows:
  (i)  Williams, Louis A. CRC Manual of Analytical Toxicology, 1971, p. 309
  (ii) Freireich A. et al.  CRC Methodology  for    Analytical    Toxicology, 
1975, pp. 67-69.
  (e) Enzymatic and immunological methods as follows:
  (i) "Stiles, et al.," Am J clin path., 46:608, 1966.
  (ii) "Bonnichsen and Lundgren," J Acta pharmacol toxicol., 13:256, 1957.
  (f) Analyzers and kits as follows:
  (i) CalBiochem-Behring ethyl alcohol kit.
  (ii) Dupont ACA instrument using ethyl alcohol (ALC) kit.
  (iii) Sigma diagnostics alcohol (ethanol) kit.
  (iv) Abbott diagnostics TDx ethanol kit.
  (v) Abbott diagnostics AxSym Autoanalyzer reagent systems.

  History:  1993 AACS; 2005 AACS.


R 325.2674   Calibration.
  Rule 4. Calibration of the method or equipment used to test   for   alcohol 
or other drugs for which quantitative analysis is performed in blood,  urine, 
or other biological or nonbiological samples shall be verified  through   the 
use of control samples each day that  tests  are  run.   Results    of    the 
control samples shall be documented and retained  by  the  laboratory  for  a 
minimum of 1 year.

  History:  1993 AACS; 2005 AACS.


R 325.2675   Collecting and handling blood and urine samples.
  Rule 5. (1) All blood and urine samples shall be  collected   pursuant   to 
the provisions of section 625a of Act No. 300 of the Public Acts of  1949, as 
amended, being S257.625a of the Michigan Compiled Laws.
  (2) When collecting a blood sample, the individual   drawing   the   sample 
shall use an aqueous solution of a nonvolatile antiseptic on  the   skin   of 
the person from whom the sample is being collected.   Neither   alcohol   nor 
any alcoholic solution shall be used as a skin antiseptic.
  (3) Blood shall be drawn pursuant to either of the following provisions:
  (a) With a sterile dry needle that  is  evacuated   into   a   vacuum-style 
specimen tube  that  contains  the  solid   preservative   sodium   fluoride, 
whether  used  alone  or  in  combination  with   other   preservatives    or 
anti-coagulants.
  (b) With a sterile dry needle and syringe expelled into  a  clean  specimen 
tube that contains sodium fluoride. The  tube  shall  then   be   capped   or 
stoppered.
  (4) Urine shall be collected pursuant to the provisions  of  form   FSD-93, 
which is contained in the department of state police  specimen   kit.   Urine 
shall be collected in a clean glass or plastic container.  The  sample  shall 
then be transferred into a clean glass or plastic  container   that   has   a 
secure top.
  (5) Blood and urine collection shall be witnessed  to   ensure   that   the 
sample can be authenticated. Each sample shall be labeled.
  (6) Samples that are sent to a laboratory shall be sealed   in   a   manner 
that ensures their integrity.

  History:  1993 AACS.


R 325.2676   Rescinded.

  History:  1993 AACS; 1996 AACS.


R 325.2677   Rescinded.

  History:  1993 AACS; 1996 AACS.